In twelve years more than 40 km of tram lines were built5 of women compared to about 20 in ScandinaviaSince then the volatility is extreme on stock exchanges read belowThe State could instead renew the existing tariffBut with the feeling of being at a time hinge no doubtOur Autonomous University has only thirty years oldYou would well like to predict the great eveningHowever the Indian economy faces on bottlenecksThe impact of this crisis may yet be manyEconomic financial market and confidence crisisEDF Energies Nouvelles develops, builds and installs renewable energy production units. Leading French producer of wind power, a subsidiary of EDF develops also in solar. It distributes photovoltaic equipment, projects of solar farms in Spain, Greece, Italy and the France, and has taken stakes in several companies: Fotosolar Spain, r & D in Greece and Photon Power technology in France.
What are your objectives in solar
There is no complete solar sector today in France. Only Photowatt manufactures cells and panels. A second player, Tenesol (subsidiary of EDF and Total), produced from purchased cells panels. It appears today strategic foothold in the upstream to be present on any of the string, in addition to our medium-term purchase of signs contracts. But create a branch in France requires a framework allowing for investors.
Is it not too late to create a French sector, given the delay in the United States, Asia and the Germany
There is still time, because the solar industry is changing. It is experiencing very high growth. This encourages the cost reductions and the emergence of new technologies, which one of the "thin" for the new generation of solar panels. However the French electronics industry skills very close, it is an opportunity to revitalize basins of jobs. But it is now that the solar industry needs to support policy. After that, it will be too late, as in the wind. Solar will develop in France but we will install equipment manufactured elsewhere. For our part, we are ready.
What are your projects
We are negotiating with manufacturers of panels in thin layer as well as having developed new technologies and players who are at the stage of implementation. We seek to take minority or majority interests in joint ventures to build factories together. According to technologies, a plant may require $ 50 million to 200 million euros of investment. If we go back to the upstream sector, these investments could represent hundreds of millions of euros. The decision to seal agreements in thin films will be made current 2008 and the choice of the host country will depend on the regulatory framework, including in France where we will follow the review this year of the objective of power to install.
But the France does not produce photovoltaic cells, pure silicon base component...
The issue is access to the Silicon in a context of scarcity and lower its cost. We conduct two actions. First of all, a plant of silicon with an annual capacity of 3,000 to 4,000 tonnes is to be built this year at Saint-Auban, in Provence, on the initiative of Photon Power technology, which we are shareholders since July 2007. On a few hundreds of millions of euros of investment required, several dozen have already incurred. The construction is now subject to obtaining the building permit and sought Government aid. We participate in this project along with the majority shareholder, the Dutch soil. The plant is expected to enter production in 2010 and may subsequently rise to 8,000 tonnes per year, or a capacity for the manufacture of 800 megawatts of photovoltaic panels per year. Second axis, we have an agreement for research (with the Atomic Energy Commission) and manufacturing (with Photowatt) solar panels from metallurgical silicon, less expensive than silicon pure and available without limit. This requires the development of a system for the purification of silicon with a plasma torch which has existed for a year as a prototype.
