And there year poorly a majority to do soBut one which has targeted too just found in door to falseWith it people start to look at our rangeNot with the price of a barrel of oil boomA position however began to be challengedOn a topic to all skids an exemplary film a rare intensityBartabas Christian Lacroix and Catherine DeneuveIt is that Philippe Baudillon love out of the boxThe French energy Bill 2007 is lower than that of 2006 45Their first motivation is always understanding interlocutors to multiple originsThe Decree, under consideration by the Council of State, should be published in the Official Journal"shortly. More than two years after the vote of the famous "law for equal rights and opportunities", this text will impose some 7,000 public become Web sites accessible to people with disabilities. Namely, 1.7 million citizens who are blind or visually impaired, and almost 5 million French with a hearing impairment. Not to mention the people with reduced mobility.
Behind the term "accessibility" lies a simple idea: "To ensure the machine assists the user in its navigation and its interpretation of the Web pages", explains Dominique Hazael-Massieux, expert in accessibility mobile in the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), the Organization of the first global rules of accessibility to the Internet.
Today, less than 3 of European sites would be available. The France, which celebrates March 18 national week of physical disability, is not better off. "Electronic administration deploys and encouraged to use the Web for approaches that range from the tax returns forms of health insurance, but 95 of the public and private sites are unreadable," said Patrice Cailleaud, spokesman for the association HandicapZero. Its site provides to persons with disabilities of services ranging from development of bills in braille for audio download of records of drugs, in partnership with pharmaceutical companies 100.
The challenges of Web 2.0
"Realism must prevail: it does not ask sites get the label"However", which has 92 criteria." But most sites are not even compatible with the technical aid which are the tools of speech synthesis
"screen readers or braille", said Jérôme Adam, not seeing himself, who created the company EasyLife Board, specializing in the design of ergonomic technologies.
However, since the Act of February 11, 2005, the Internet has evolved. Web 2.0 present additional challenges: with the emergence of blogs or sites such as YouTube or Flickr, the content of Web pages is only generated by professionals: "accessibility of a site can be enriched or destroyed by any user at all times," said Véronique soft-Marrot, responsible of the solutions of accessibility at IBM in Europe.
Another pitfall, the technologies needed for interactivity, as Ajax or Javascript, no were not developed taking accessibility into account. Finally, "Internet became dynamic, especially with the rise of the video, and these developments are available on a variety of mobile media, summarizes Dominique Burger, research scientist at the Inserm and President of the association Braillenet."
What think about new ways to do so, as for example join a caption for each image, or to separate the content of a site of its shape so that text fits into any medium. If legislation soon, the private sector seems to take over. For several months, Google, AOL, IBM, Adobe and other Microsoft shall consult one another within the W3C to develop recommendations for accessibility to Web 2.0.
Adapt the software
The implication is concrete. In December, IBM researchers have launched a set of interfaces for publishers such as Jaws (speech synthesis) to adapt their software. Redmond, Microsoft, 60 researchers working exclusively to accessibility. In France, the firm published a white paper Guide Web 2.0 developers. Meanwhile, Adobe has redesigned its electronic documents PDF format.
There are many reasons for their commitment. At a time where the population is ageing, the market is more confined to disability. Already, according to the World Health Organization, one person in six has a disability affecting speech, hearing, mobility, vision or cognitive abilities.
Interest is also technical. "A search engine index better videos and images titrated, ensures Pierre Guillou of Accessiweb.". Similarly, accessible pages will be displayed more easily on a mobile terminal and, being lighter, will result in a decrease in the costs of bandwidth and maintenance costs.
Still seen as complex and expensive, the subject will always generate concerns. However, the mechanics makes: "A year ago, it was the Chinese," says Jeremiah Boroy, President of the National Union for the social integration of hearing impaired (Unisda). Today, on their sites, also although Nicolas Sarkozy as Ségolène Royal display several speech in sign language.
